2009 年 4 月 20, the European Commission issued a In 2008, the EU member states to take measures to prevent unsafe products on the market, and through the Rapid Alert System (RAPEX) up to 1866 times the alarm over the previous year increased by 16%. Was found to be unsafe product being, child-care products (including toys and children's equipment), followed by the electrical and clothing.

the European Union to establish the purpose of RAPEX is to ensure that once a Member State has found that non-food dangerous consumer goods,食品级FDA|LFGB|DGCCRF检测流程, the message can be quickly notified the authorities of other Member States and the European Commission to stop the supply of such products to consumers . RAPEX since inception, this year is the fifth annual report published. Sound the alarm in 2004 about 140 in 2008 has increased by more than 10 times, warning of 1866 times.

2008, at the RAPEX alert, 59% of the cases shows that China is the origin of the product,REACH|SVHC|MSDS检测流程, compared with 52 percent in 2007 higher. The report notes that over the years, RAPEX alert to cases of products from China accounted for the majority, this situation reflects not only China-made consumer goods in the European market has high market penetration, also showed the prevention of unsafe products from China out of the plan achieved some success, but these plans are often associated with the Chinese government has close working relationship. Furthermore, regulatory and market these products is the focus of action to the customs authorities, to restore the confidence crisis in 2007 (the infamous The report acknowledges that there is no evidence that the reason why the increase in the number of alarms is due to the quality products from China, compared with a decline over the past few years.

Nonetheless, the report pointed out that some of the grim facts, particular attention to Hong Kong consumer goods sales road. In 2008, the 27 EU member states have 26 member states and Norway through the RAPEX alert, including Germany, Spain, Slovakia, Greece and Hungary accounted for 50% of the issued alert. RAPEX alert the largest number of product categories are as follows:

toys (alarm 498 times, accounting for 32 %);

appliances (alarm 169 times, accounting for 11 %);

< p> car (alarm 160, accounting for 10 %);

clothing, textiles and fashion items (alarm 140 times, accounting for 9 %);

child care and child care use equipment (alarm 89 times, accounting for 6%).

warning of the top risk is injury, chemical risks, suffocation, electric shock and fire. For example, the warning related to most of the toys pose choking risk (due to small parts) and contain excessive chemicals (such as phthalates, lead and other heavy metals and other substances). 1,RoHS检测流程,866 entries in the alarm, the 1,545 entries are the so-called serious risk alerts, of which 50% by the authorities to take a mandatory prevention and control measures and restrictions (such as the ban on products sold, product shelves, etc.). The rest are mostly voluntary measures by the industry to fulfill its responsibility to consumer safety.

report further mentioned that the EU and China's State General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine signed a comprehensive memorandum of understanding after implementation. The memorandum included the establishment of a RAPEX-China system, so that the Chinese authorities to deal with product safety from the source of the problem. By the September 2006 to August 2008, the Chinese AQSIQ investigated a total of 599 alarms, of which 51% by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection or Chinese manufacturers / exporters to take voluntary measures to prevent and control or limit. AQSIQ alarm in case follow-up investigation, the most difficult problem is still difficult to find Chinese companies should be responsible (in the 599 investigated cases of alarm, 154 failed to identify the manufacturer).

with consumer goods from China is increasingly becoming the focus of attention, relevant agencies rush to amend the EU toy safety directive. Late last year, the EU Council and the European Parliament has this (informal) achieve a strong bill text.

the Directive has been agreed, the scope of application, including whether or not designed or intended for play by children under the age of 14 products. Toys must be accompanied by the text easy to understand the consumer (determined by the individual member states) written instructions and safety messages. Toy importers must test the samples of the risks of non-compliance of the toy to investigate complaints made and recovery, record keeping, and monitoring of issues relating to informed distributors. Directive on packaging and toys also enhance their own warning requirements.

The chemicals, certain metals, namely arsenic, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, lead, mercury and organic tin is highly toxic, so the children can be exposed in the pre-toy parts, its limits should be half the level of security, and the relevant safety standards should be based on the European Commission Scientific Committee's guidelines may be. Bill text further pointed out that stainless steel contains nickel has been proven safe, it is appropriate to make provisions to allow the toy to use. In addition, the Commission may intended for infants under 36 months of playing or scheduled to be put in the mouth of the toy, the implementation of specific chemical limits. In addition, belonging to class 1A, 1B or 2 carcinogenic, mutagenic or harmful substances fertility may not be used for toys, its components or micro-structural elements (only some of the alternative treatment). New directive also includes a 55 kinds of restricted list of allergenic fragrances, including ambrette musk and tree moss extract, and another aromatic list of products can be used but must be marked in the aromatic name.

bill text also involves the risk of suffocation: toy and its parts shall not be caused by suffocation due to airway obstruction, and the size of toy packaging must prevent the entrance once the plug, and other parts of the pharynx caused by airway obstruction. As for the sound, the sound will be issued in the design of the toy, the design and production must not damage the sound of children's hearing.

According to European Commission official said the EU Council is expected to be May 11, 2009 formally to amend the directive, published in the Official Journal later (possibly in June), Member States required within 18 months after the publication of the implementation of revised instructions. In other words, the end of 2010, the EU should start implementing the main provisions of the new law. However, to make the toy manufacturers and importers have sufficient time to adapt to new requirements, the effective date of the new directive will have two-year transitional period, during which comply with the old toy safety directive (88/378/EEC) can still put toys market. In addition, the provisions of the new chemicals directive, the transitional period will be four years to develop the coordination required to meet these requirements standard.
39 testing and certification

current EU Toys Directive 88/378/EEC of 20 years since the implementation of the time, in the past 20 years, continues to introduce new toys, the existing directives have not fully cover the issue of toy safety. As consumers become increasingly concerned about toy safety, the European Union in June 2009 released a new toy directive 2009/48/EC,卤素|无卤|Halogen检测费用, to address new security issues, and strengthen law enforcement. New toys directive will come into effect in July 2011, when the current Directive 88/378/EEC will be void.

new chemical requirements will take effect July 2013.

l new elements of the 19 restricted migration limit;

l toys should be consistent with EU REACH regulations;

l of CMR substances ( carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction substances) ban;

l 55 种 allergenic fragrance substances can not be used in toys,多环芳烃PAHs检测中心, only to allow technically unavoidable content 100 ppm (ppm) following trace exists;

l cosmetics, toys should meet the requirements of Directive 76/768/EEC;

l If the toy contains 76/768/EEC listed in Annex II of the 11 allergenic fragrance substances, when the content exceeds 0.01% by weight, should be indicated on the toy;

l toys in food must be individually wrapped;

l toys shall firmly adhere to the food;

l new toys for the provisions of sound;

l about new warnings and labeling requirements;

l 36 months and children's toys or mouth contact toys shall not contain nitrosamines (Nitrosamines) and nitrosamine (nitrosatable) material;

l EU imports in early 2010 to strengthen food safety, issued a regulation (EC) No. 669/2009, the designated port of entry to strengthen the control measures. For children under 36 months must be used in toy design and production to be clean (see below).

other requirements there are EC declaration of conformity, under section 18 safety assessment, and manufacturing process production control.

for children under 36 months of cleaning requirements for toys: New toys in the instruction, one for children under 36 months for all the toys with new requirements, from July 20, 2011 , all children under 36 months for the use of toys must be designed and produced to be clean. In accordance with this provision, the production of textiles toys must be washable, unless the toy contains immersion mechanism may be damaged. Meanwhile,邻苯二甲酸盐Phthalates认证服务, toy manufacturers in accordance with the regulations and guidelines for cleaning, still need to meet safety requirements.

addition to textiles toys can be cleaned must be outside (unless there has been soaked with the possible damage to the mechanical cleaning devices), other toys and no clean way to qualify.

the European Commission issued guidelines to textile toy is defined as: nose). Such toys can contain non-textile internal mechanical parts (mechanical device). For more examples of products, please see the guidance document. In addition, the guidance documents on the after washing or soaking small parts hazards assessment. Meanwhile, as the first 18 manufacturers of security must be part of the evaluation, the manufacturer must consider toy safety in the washing which will be affected, and are applied in the case, you can wash after the relevant tests for evaluation.

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New York State recently passed the United States' prohibition of child and infant products using bisphenol A Act

from December 1, 2010 onwards, any person, shop, partnerships, associations, limited liability company or enterprise shall sell or supply for use by children under 3 years of age or containing bisphenol A in children care. Also, non-chemical bisphenol A product can be in a prominent position statement

decree words to explain:

comfort control, baby bottles, baby bottles pads,卤素|无卤|Halogen测试服务, cups, lids, straws and sucking cup.

What is bisphenol A?

bisphenol A (BPA) for the production of articles in contact with food and drinking utensils used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. It is similar to the body's own hormones, can pose a health hazard, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, birth defects, male infertility, precocious puberty in girls, diabetes and obesity. Regulatory agencies have developed products for human health and safety of double-A content value of discretion, but is currently being questioned these security values, and with the development of new technology re-evaluated. For other countries and regions and for other states ban bisphenol A, an overview can be found in the following table.

ban bisphenol A Review:

countries / regions
/ states

products

regulatory progress < / p>

Suffolk County, New York City

for children under 3 years of age or the use of baby bottles and cups

Secretary of State's Office filed effective 90 days

Minnesota

3 years old or younger children using bottles, cups or containers

2010 年 1 effective 1 March (manufacturer or wholesaler), 2011 January 1 (retail)

Chicago

3 years old or younger children all dressed up liquid, food or beverage containers

2010 1 effective 31 March

Connecticut

all reusable food / beverage containers, stored in the presence of BPA in cans, bottles or plastic containers of baby food

2011 年 10 effective 1 March

Wisconsin

3 years old or younger children all the children containers

released 90 days after the entry into force of < / p>

Washington

3 years old or younger children of all bottles, cups or containers

2011 年 7 effective 1 March

all Sport Bottle

2012 年 7 effective 1 March

Canada

polycarbonate baby bottles

2010 年 3 月 11 日approved

China Taiwan

polycarbonate baby bottles

2010 年 4 月 6 has approved

Maryland

< p> 4 for children under the age of empty bottles and cups

2012 年 2 effective 1 March

New York, Rockland town

children's beverage container and suck / teething complementary products

2010 年 4 ratified on 20 May, 90 days after the filing take effect

Vermont

reusable food / beverage containers , dressed in a container or plastic containing BPA in cans of infant formula milk powder or baby food

2012 年 7 effective 1 March

France

Baby bottle

2011 年 1 effective 1 March

New York

for children under 3 years of age or the use of comfort devices, baby bottles,食品级FDA|LFGB|DGCCRF认证机构, baby bottles pad, cup , lid,食品级FDA|LFGB|DGCCRF标准, straw and suck Cup

2010 年 12 effective 1 March

U.S. Congress

all food containers

regulations promulgated enter into force after six months (already proposed)

California

for children under 3 years of age or the use of bottles, cups, food and beverage containers

Parliament has through, pending Senate approval

Illinois

reusable food / beverage containers, stored in the presence of BPA in cans, bottles or plastic containers of baby food < / p>

2011 年 6 1st (already proposed)

Oregon

3 years old or younger children using the children's food and liquid containers

June 1, 2012 (already proposed)

Hawaii

3 years of age children can be placed in the mouth of all toys and childcare articles

has been proposed

Massachusetts

3 children under the age of all child care products

has proposed

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WASHINGTON, Oct. 21 ( Reporters Ren Haijun ) U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research published 21 research scientists said , deciduous plants clean the air in the ability of volatile organic compounds is much higher than previously estimated .

volatile organic compounds are a class of carbon compounds in general ,玩具EN71|ASTM|F963|美泰|孩之宝认证机构, will cause air pollution and smog problems affecting human health , life often hear of formaldehyde , toluene and so on are volatile organic compounds . Deciduous plants are one of the receiver of volatile organic compounds .

the National Center for Atmospheric Research scientists to the United States and other countries, observational data , computer simulation analysis of the data found that deciduous plants to absorb the rate of volatile organic compounds much faster than previously thought , the physical damage suffered in its or exposure to environmental irritants such as The reason is that the enzyme produced in the process, the plants need to use the air in the metabolism of volatile organic compounds ,多环芳烃PAHs标准, volatile organic compounds at this time the rate of plant uptake is significantly increased.

scientists said global deciduous plants to absorb the total amount of volatile organic compounds in the scientific community than the previous estimate of 36 percent ; in different parts of plants ,万宇检测, the canopy absorbs the most , up to total absorption 97% .

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